Improvement in hydrocarbon-pressure generators



H. H4. EAMES. Hydrocarbon Pressure Generator.

N0 .-`222,o27. Pafenied Nov. 25, |879.

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act description thereof, reference being made Vto the burners under pressure, so that perfect l the tubes or pipes, and, even when heated and HENRY H. EAMES, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

IMPROVEMENT INV H YDROCARBON-PRESSURE GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 222,027, dated November :25, 1879; application iilcd December 18, 1878.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY H. EAMES, of the city and county of San Francisco, and State of California, have invented a Hydrocarbon-Pressure Generator; andI hereby declare the lfollowing to be a full, clear, and eX- to the accompanying drawings. I

My invention relates to an apparatus in which hydrocarbons are subjected to heat and pressure, in order that they may be fed direct combustion will be insured.

AMy invention consists in a steam-cylinder with a surrounding jacket and proper inlet and outlet pipes combimed with devices for carrying away the volatile products of `the chamber, as hereinafter `more specifically described and claimed.

Figure l is a perspective view with a por'- tion of the masonry cut away. Fig. 2 is a ver tical sectional view.

In the various devices in use for consuming hydrocarbons it is found to be impossible to entirely consume them at the point of ignition, a certain amount of carbon being found unconsumed at the point where combustion occurs. One reason for this imperfect'combustion is found in the fact that the hydrocarbon oils, being heavy and inert, flow slowly through rendered limpid, do not feed as rapidly to the burners as is desired.

I have discovered that by subjecting the hydrocarbon to a pressure and a certain amount of heat, and leading it under this pressure directly to suitably-constructed burners, a more perfect combustion will be insured without the necessity of rst converting the hydrocarbon to a gas, and the ow to the burner being then rapid and continuous, and the hydrocarbon being forced to the burner in a more suitable 'condition than would otherwise be the case.

The carbon which forms in hydrocarbonburners, when the iiow of liquid is viscid and is not perfectly consumed, becomes so hard that it has to be removed by a cold-chisel. This carbon will also form in closed retorts, even when hydrocarbon is forced into them for theV purpose of generating a gas 5 but when drical vessel, B, closed at both ends. In this is an iron receiver, C, of similar shape and form, also closed at both ends, the space D between them being utilized as a steam-jacket, for the purpose hereinafter described.

rIhe interior cylinder or receiver is intended to contain the hydrocarbon which is forced into said receiver through the pipe E, in which is a checlrvalve, which closes the pipe when necessary. Leading from this inner receiver, through the steam-jacket upward, is an escapepipe, F, havin g a safety-valve, G, for the purpose hereinafter described. A pressure-gage, H, is also connected with the receiver C, as shown, so as to indicate the pressure therein.

The pipe I,'also controlled by a valve, ad-

mits steam to the receiver after it is charged, Y

and the steam-jacket may be supplied from the same pipe. On one side of the receiver is the cleaning-pipe K, communicating with the bottom of the receiver, and through which any waste maybe removed when the receiver is cleaned. On the opposite side is the pipe L, which leads the hydrocarbon from the receiver y to the burners, and opposite it is a pipe, M, con

necting with the steam-jacket, through which the condensed water may be removed.

In operating my device the hydrocarbon is forced or pumped into the receiver until the gage N shows that a suflicient'quantity has entered. Steam is then admitted into the steam-j acket D, and steam is also admitted to the receiver through the pipe I. The hydrocarbon in the receiver is then subjected to the pressure of the confined steam, and is rendered limpid both by this and theheat supplied by the steam-jacket and that given to it by the steam on the surface of the mass.

In case too great pressure is exerted in the receiver the safety-valve opens and allows any volatile products which may be floating to pass oif through the escape-pipe F to a coil or condenser, where they, with the `exhaust-steam, will be condensed. The lighter products of the hydrocarbons whichV are thus saved may be used in starting up the lires, so that no coal or wood is needed in beginning` the operation. These lighter products arising from the hydrocarbons are collected from the condenser and burned in peculiar burners, not under pressure, and by their aid steam is generated in the boiler and utilized for giving the pressure required for forcing the heavier residues to the burners, as herein described. By this means the necessity of the use of coal or wood in starting up the boilers is dispensed with entirely.

The gage will indicate the pressure at all times, and in case there is too much the valve of the steam-pipe will control it. rIhe hydrocarbon in the receiver being under pressure, as stated, and subjected to the heat from the steam-jacket and live steam when the valve in the pipe L is opened, is forced out by the steam4 pressure to the burners, where it is consumed.

The peculiar form of burner which I use and for which I have applied for Letters Patent y is constructed especially for burning hydrocarbon under pressure.

Fresh supplies of hydrocarbon may be continually pumped into the receiver, and the pressure of stea-m will as continually force said oil to the burners, so that a continuous flame may be kept up. At any time it may be nec essary to clean the receiver or draw off drip pings from the jacket, it can be done by means of the pipes herein described.

I am aware that hydrocarbons have previously been subjected to pressure, and thus injected in a spray into heated retorts, Where it will flash into a flXed gas, the gas so generated afterward being led to burners, where itis cousumed. rlhis method is found objectionable, from the fact that the retort will soon become illed With a deposit of solid carbon, the gas being necessarily formed in a closed retort or receptacle. It is necessary,.also, lirst, to form a gas from the hydrocarbon before it can be consumed.

In my method, however, the necessity of forming a gas is done away with, the hydrocarbon being led direct to burners, where it is consumed in the open air. By subjecting the hydrocarbon to a pressure and keeping it limpid, so as to How easily when it is fed to the burners, as described, it will come to them y well as that required for keeping up steam for i generating the pressure.

By burning the oils directly at the burners I do away with the necessity of retorts and the expense attendant on their use. Moreover,

by burning the hydrocarbon itself at burners in the open air, in the manner described, the whole of the hydrocarbon is utilized for producing heat, which is-not the case when gas is formed from it in retorts, as a certain deposit or residue of the oil remains undecolnposed.

I do not claim, broadly, the pressure of air or gas upon a hydrocarbon within a reservoir; nor do I claim the injecting of a hydrocarbon into a retort at all, nor the production ofa Xed gas from a hydrocarbon; and as I am aware a variety of devices have been made to vaporize a hydrocarbon after the manner described by me, I do not claim as novel any one element in the device described, or any combination of elements as new, except the combination set forth in my claim, hereinafter recited.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desirel to secure by Let-- ters Patent, is-

rIhe inner containing cylinder or chamber'C, with its supply and' delivery pipes, and the jacket D, with the steam-pipev I, as shown, in combination with the safety-Valve Gr and pipe F, whereby the volatile products may be carried to a condenser and preserved for use, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

HENRY` H. EAMES.

Witnesses UHAs. Gr. YALE,

FRANK A. BRooKs. 

